This data was generated in a study to characterize brain bioenergetics in a cohort of clinically and cognitively normal women between the ages of 40 and 50 at different endocrine transition states including premenopause (n = 15), perimenopause (n = 14), and postmenopause (n = 14) in order to study the increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease in women. All subjects received clinical, laboratory, and neuropsychological...

The NYU Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center (NYU ADRC) maintains a large database of standardized clinical and neuropathological research data collected at NYU Langone Health for local investigators, as well as those at affiliated or collaborating institutions. The NYU ADRC database includes a cumulative record of over 1,500 subjects enrolled since 1972. Data was collected every two years until 2005...

This dataset showed that mitovesicles, extracellular vesicles (EVs) of mitochondrial origin, are altered in Down syndrome (DS). Mitochondrial dysfunction is a distinctive feature of aging and neurodegenerative disorders, such as DS and Alzheimer’s disease. For this study, a high-resolution density gradient separation of EVs isolated from murine and human DS and diploid control brains was used. Using...

The Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) began in 2004 as longitudinal multicenter study to identify clinical, imaging, genetic, and biochemical biomarkers for the detection and tracking of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Participants are recruited from and followed at 59 research sites in the United States and Canada. ADNI1 enrolled 400 subjects who were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment...

The National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (NACC) was created in 1999 to facilitate research with data collected from Alzheimer's Disease Research Centers (ADRCs) across the United States. NACC oversees data collection and sharing for a number of datasets. The Uniform Data Set (UDS) contains longitudinal and standardized data collected from ADRCs since 2005. ADRC enrollment protocols vary and...

Tau is one of the major microtubule-associated proteins in neurons. Its main role is to stabilize microtubules, supporting cytoskeletal organization, and axonal transport. Tau may undergo pathological modifications and become hyperphosphorylated. This causes the protein to accumulate into toxic assemblies that collectively lead to neurodegeneration. In Alzheimer's disease, tau proteins change shape...

Previous studies showed that harnessing innate immunity via CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) modulates age-related defects. This study used elderly female squirrel monkeys as model of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease pathology. Current immunotherapeutic trials for Alzheimer’s disease have amyloid-related imaging flaws, which are linked to the presence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Therefore, the...

Basal forebrain cholinergic neuron (BFCN) degeneration is an indicator of Down syndrome (DS) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The Ts65Dn (Ts) mouse model recapitulates both cognitive and morphological deficits of DS and AD, including BFCN degeneration. Therefore, this study used Ts mice to understand mechanisms underlying BFCN degeneration to identify novel targets for therapeutic intervention. They performed...

Neurological dysfunction associated with Down syndrome (DS) is the concomitant basal forebrain cholinergic neuron (BFCN) degeneration and onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology. Previously, single population RNA sequencing analysis in the Ts65Dn (Ts) mouse model of DS revealed that the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation pathway was significantly impacted, where a large subset of genes within...

Lysosomal dysfunction plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). In early onset of AD, there is loss of Presenilin-1 (PSEN1) function. The loss of PSEN1 function impedes ER to lysosome delivery of chloride channel-7 (ClC-7). In murine blastocysts with different PSEN1 genotypes, isoproterenol and related β2-adrenergic agonists was used to reverse lysosomal...